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Experiment of Synthesis of Tetraamminecopper (II) Sulfate Details
VIDEO LINKS:
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<h2>Lab Experiments (Write protocols and perform experiments based on these):</h2> <ol> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/3uLzlCeMOT8?si=XkCiHgNRlBioOVo4">Synthesis of Tetraamminecopper (II) Sulfate</a></li> </ol> <h2></h2> <h2>Data analysis and calculations (Use these if you need help with your data and calculations)</h2> <ol> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/DpiuQJSL-XE?si=joXa_awlTPmZYAeK">Simple Stoichiometry</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/j1oEp-X6VGI?si=QBNQwUXyoEdR0p2Q">Percent yield</a></li> </ol> <h2>The prelab must include Experimental Protocol, Chemical Table and Equipment Table.</h2> <h2>The lab report requires all sections (including prelab sections) to be completed in one document.</h2> <strong> </strong>
Experimental Protocol
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(Analysis) Watch the experiment videos. Take notes on the protocol. Stop the video and re-watch as necessary to acquire the details of the procedure. Write out the protocol for each part of the experiment. (It can be written in sequential steps. Complete sentences are not necessary.) This is the protocol you will follow, so be detailed.
Chemical Table
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(Representation) Prepare your chemical table including the materials you will use in the experiment. Here is a general template that you may use. <table width="671"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="78">Chemical Name</td> <td width="78">Chemical Formula</td> <td width="68">Molar Mass (g/mol)</td> <td width="77">Hazards</td> <td width="314">reference</td> <td width="56">PPE</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="78"><strong><u>Sodium Chloride</u></strong></td> <td width="78"><strong><u>NaCl</u></strong></td> <td width="68"><strong><u>58.5</u></strong></td> <td width="77"><strong><u>Skin irritation</u></strong></td> <td width="314"><a href="https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm"><strong>https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm</strong></a></td> <td width="56"><strong> </strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="78"></td> <td width="78"></td> <td width="68"></td> <td width="77"></td> <td width="314"></td> <td width="56"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="78"></td> <td width="78"></td> <td width="68"></td> <td width="77"></td> <td width="314"></td> <td width="56"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="78"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="78"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="68"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="77"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="314"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="56"><strong> </strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="78"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="78"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="68"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="77"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="314"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="56"><strong> </strong></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <strong><u> </u></strong>
Equipment Table
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(Analysis) Identify the equipment (type AND size) needed for the experiment and include the name and an image of each. Be sure to describe the equipment, how to use it, and why it is suitable for this use. <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="240">Equipment Name</td> <td width="240">Equipment Picture</td> <td width="240">Intended Purpose</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> <td width="240"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Data Collection
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(Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol based on the videos, perform all the experiments. Record your observations and take pictures of your key steps in the process. Your observations and images need to be incorporated in your data section and this section should be as detailed as possible as you will use this information to complete your discussion.
Data Processing
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<ol> <li>(Representation) Write the chemical equation for the decomposition reaction of CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Using the weights of the anhydrous CuSO<sub>4</sub>, determine the number of moles of CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Using the difference in mass between the CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O and the anhydrous CuSO<sub>4</sub>, determine the mass and the moles of water removed.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Using the moles of the anhydrous CuSO<sub>4</sub> and the moles of water removed, determine the expected number of waters of hydration for each formula unit of CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Representation) Write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction of the CuSO<sub>4</sub> with ammonia to form tetramminecopper(II) sulfate.</li> <li>(Representation) Write the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of the CuSO<sub>4</sub> with ammonia to form tetramminecopper(II) sulfate.</li> <li>(Interpretation) Describe the net ionic equation between CuSO<sub>4</sub> and ammonia to form tetramminecopper(II) sulfate on both the macroscopic and microscopic scales.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Calculate the moles of CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O in the solution from the test tube.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Calculate the moles of Cu<sup>2+</sup> in the solution.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Calculate the moles of ammonia added to the CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Determine the mole ratio of CuSO<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>3</sub> used in the experiment.</li> <li>(Manipulation) Calculate the percent yield for the reaction between CuSO<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>3</sub> in the experiment.</li> <li>(Representation) Collect the data from the other groups in the class and organize it in the following tables.</li> </ol> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"> <thead> <tr> <th>Group</th> <th>Mass of CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O (g)</th> <th>Mass of [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub> (g)</th> <th>% yield for [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 14. (Assumptions and Analysis) Fill in the following table using the observations and data from your experiments. <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"> <thead> <tr> <th>Assumptions made…</th> <th>Testing the assumption</th> <th>If assumptions are wrong ...</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>The Cu<sup>2+</sup> reacts with ammonia</td> <td>Combine the Cu<sup>2+</sup> with ammonia</td> <td>No change will be observed</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Discussion
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<p>Write a minimum one-page (12 font, single spaced) discussion on the experiment conducted this week. Address <strong>at least one question in each category</strong> as fully as possible integrating the collected data, providing explanations for the observed trends, and evaluating whether your original assumptions about the experiment were validated by the results. <strong>The assignment will be graded on completeness, clarity of the explanations and the meaningful integration of the collected and calculated data.</strong> Correct grammar and appropriate format for the chemical formulae and chemical reactions is expected.</p> <ol> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Correctly name and classify all the compounds in the experiment.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Define ligands.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Define complex ions.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Identify the type of bond formed between a ligand and the central metal ion.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Predict the shape of the complex ion.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base in the reaction. Justify your choices.</li> <li>(Acquiring competencies) Describe the correct method for performing a Buchner filtration.</li> <li>(Acquiring competencies) Describe at least two ways in which the Buchner filtration is different from the gravity filtration.</li> <li>(Acquiring competencies) Describe at least two ways in which the Buchner filtration is similar to gravity filtration.</li> <li>(Acquiring competencies) Describe the purpose of each of the main steps in the synthesis.</li> <li>(Analysis) Provide at least one argument for immersing your metal salt solution in a hot bath before the concentrated ammonia addition.</li> <li>(Analysis) Provide at least one argument for using concentrated ammonia for the reaction.</li> <li>(Analysis) Provide at least one argument for placing the test tube in the ice bath before filtration.</li> <li>(Analysis) Provide at least one argument for washing the complex with cold ethanol and not water during filtration.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Provide at least 3 characteristics of a crystalline compound.</li> <li>(Analysis) Is your coordination compounds crystalline? Provide a supported argument for your choice.</li> <li>(Analysis) Define limiting reactant. Identify the limiting reactant in the reaction of the metal salt with ammonia.</li> <li>(Representation) Provide the mathematical expression for the K<sub>sp</sub> for CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Interpretation) Describe the meaning of K<sub>sp</sub> for CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Representation) Provide the mathematical expression for the K<sub>f</sub> for [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Interpretation) Describe the meaning of K<sub>f</sub> for [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub>.</li> <li>(Existing knowledge, research and views) Look up and provide the K<sub>f</sub> value for [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>2+.</sup></li> <li>(Assumptions) Describe at least one assumption you can make about the relationship between the K<sub>f </sub>of the coordination complex and the reaction yield.</li> </ol>
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